| Standardized
Testing | Safety
| Pumping Rates | Pumping
Rate Methods
Evacuation Methods | Evacuation
Test Form | Transfer Methods
| Evacuation Method Results | Test
Photos
|
Study To Establish
A Pumping Rate Standard Method |
Fountain Industry
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to establish a
simple, economic, year around method to certify the pumping rate of
various fountain designs. Pumping rate is important in the application
of fountains not only for their beauty but also for performing other
functions such as aeration and mixing of ponds.
The present study considered several pumping
measurement methods. The selection process considered the following
criteria.
1. Accuracy |
+/- 5% |
| 2. Capacity |
0 to 1000 GPM |
| 3. Cost |
<$10,000.00 |
| 4. Simplicity |
Total test period in and out <2 hours |
| 5. Water reuse |
No discharge |
| 6. Year round usage |
Indoors |
| 7. Space required |
20' x 20' |
| 8. Humidity control |
Minimum spray |
| 9. Test time |
Min. 30 min. Max 60 min. |
| 10. Low technology |
Recording flow and KW meters |
Methods:
Two methods were selected for testing.
Method A was used as the base to determine the
unrestricted pumpage rate. The deflector pipe was used to avoid any
possible water falling back into the discharge test tank. This method
is not recommended for general usage because of uncontrolled humidity
and spray.
Method B is recommended for general usage because
of the following:
A. No spray
B. Minimum humidity problem
C. Minimum space requirements
D. Minimum water usage
E. Minimum tankage
F. Year around use
Test Series #2 - Comparing Method A with Method
B
Method A - Regular Geyser
Average of the three tests - KW - 2.23 GPM
- 110 GPM/KW - 49.3
Method B - Regular Geyser
Average of the three tests- KW - 2.21 GPM
- 105 GPM/KW - 47.5
Adjustment Factor
Method B (49.3/47.5)* = Method A
* correction factor 1.038
Conclusions:
Based on the above analysis, the following
is concluded.
- Method A - unrestricted discharge flow is considered
the most accurate method.
- Method A requires a large basin since the spray is
not controlled.
- Method A is limited to outdoor use due to humidity.
- Method A is limited by climate conditions (i.e. winter).
- Method B is less accurate but an appropriate adjustment
can be made to correct for slightly restricted discharge flow
conditions.
- Method B meets all of the other pertinent criteria
and is therefore recommended as the standard test procedures for
determining the pumpage rate of fountains.
Certification:
This study was conducted and certified by
GSEE Inc. Gerry Shell P.E. President
|
